Global Particle Physics Excellence Awards

  Hybrid entanglement carrying orbital angular momentum Hybrid Entanglement Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum Hybrid entanglement that incorporates orbital angular momentum (OAM) is a cutting-edge topic in quantum optics and photonic quantum information science . This area focuses on combining different degrees of freedom—such as polarization and spatial modes—into a single entangled quantum system. By leveraging the OAM of photons, researchers can create high-dimensional entangled states, greatly enhancing information capacity and resistance to noise in quantum communication. Photons carrying OAM possess a helical phase front , characterized by an azimuthal phase factor of the form exp(iℓφ), where ℓ is the topological charge representing the OAM quantum number. These modes can, in principle, span an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, offering a powerful tool for encoding quantum information. When these OAM states are entangled with other properties like polarization, time-bin, o...

  Managing the complexity of plasma physics in control systems engineering Managing the Complexity of Plasma Physics in Control Systems Engineering The intersection of plasma physics and control systems engineering represents one of the most intricate and compelling frontiers in modern science and technology. As we push toward breakthroughs in fields such as nuclear fusion, aerospace propulsion, and advanced materials processing, managing the complexity of plasma dynamics within control architectures becomes increasingly critical. Plasma, often referred to as the fourth state of matter, is inherently nonlinear, time-varying, and sensitive to electromagnetic interactions. Its behavior challenges even the most advanced control theories due to issues such as turbulence, instabilities, and multi-scale dynamics. Traditional control approaches often fall short when applied to plasma systems, necessitating the development of novel strategies that blend physical insight with robust enginee...

  Physics and geometry-augmented neural implicit surfaces for rigid bodies Physics and Geometry-Augmented Neural Implicit Surfaces for Rigid Bodies – 400-Word Hashtag Overview In recent years, the intersection of physics, geometry, and deep learning has revolutionized 3D modeling and simulation techniques, particularly for rigid body dynamics. The approach of using physics and geometry-augmented neural implicit surfaces introduces a powerful and flexible representation for simulating and reconstructing rigid bodies in 3D environments. This methodology combines the expressiveness of neural implicit surfaces —which describe shapes as continuous fields—with the interpretability and stability provided by physical and geometric priors. The result is a more accurate, data-efficient, and physically plausible model suitable for applications in robotics, graphics, computational physics , and engineering design . This hybrid framework is typically grounded in physics-informed neural network...

  Exothermicity during the pyrolysis of large wood particles Understanding Exothermicity During the Pyrolysis of Large Wood Particles Pyrolysis is a thermochemical decomposition process of organic materials in the absence of oxygen. While often perceived as purely endothermic, the pyrolysis of large wood particles introduces a complex thermal profile due to localized exothermic reactions , particularly at intermediate temperatures. These exothermic effects have significant implications for reactor design, heat transfer modeling, safety, and the quality of biochar and volatiles produced. In large particles, the heat generated from the exothermic breakdown of lignin and hemicellulose can cause internal temperature spikes. These self-heating zones accelerate decomposition, leading to non-uniform pyrolysis , which differs significantly from the behavior observed in finely ground biomass. This internal exothermicity poses both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, it can cause th...

  Thermodynamics of Bardeen black holes in restricted phase space In the landscape of gravitational theories, the study of black hole thermodynamics provides a crucial link between classical general relativity and quantum field theory. Among these exotic objects, Bardeen black holes stand out as regular (non-singular) black holes, introduced as a solution to Einstein’s field equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics. Unlike traditional black holes, Bardeen black holes are characterized by the absence of curvature singularities at the core, making them powerful models to probe the physics of the early universe and quantum gravity regimes. When examined under the framework of restricted phase space thermodynamics , Bardeen black holes exhibit rich thermodynamic structures, including critical behavior, phase transitions, and heat engine cycles. Restricted phase space analysis treats certain parameters (like the cosmological constant or nonlinear charge) as thermodynamic varia...

                   Best Review Paper Award  Celebrating Excellence: Best Review Paper Award In the dynamic world of academic research, review papers play a crucial role in synthesizing existing knowledge, identifying gaps, and guiding future research. The Best Review Paper Award is a prestigious honor bestowed upon authors whose work demonstrates exceptional clarity, depth, and scholarly impact in reviewing literature within a specific domain. This award recognizes not just the summary of existing studies, but the intellectual craftsmanship involved in offering new insights, critical analysis, and thought-provoking conclusions. Whether systematic, narrative, or meta-analytic, a strong review paper often serves as a foundational reference for students, researchers, and professionals alike. It distills years of exploration into coherent themes, highlights methodological advancements, and often inspires new lines of inquiry. The Best ...

  Computer Simulation Techniques in Condensed Matter Physics Computer Simulation Techniques in Condensed Matter Physics: A Transformative Frontier Computer simulation techniques have become indispensable tools in condensed matter physics, enabling researchers to probe the behavior of complex systems at atomic, molecular, and mesoscale levels. These techniques bridge theoretical models and experimental observations, offering predictive insights into a vast range of phenomena—from electron transport and phase transitions to superconductivity and magnetism. One of the most widely used simulation approaches is molecular dynamics (MD) , where the classical equations of motion are solved for interacting particles to study time-dependent phenomena. It is particularly powerful in studying thermal properties, diffusion, and structural transitions in solids and liquids. Meanwhile, Monte Carlo (MC) methods offer probabilistic frameworks to study equilibrium properties, especially useful in s...

  Physics-based optical flow estimation under varying illumination conditions ☆ Physics-Based Optical Flow Estimation Under Varying Illumination Conditions: An Overview Optical flow estimation plays a critical role in motion analysis, computer vision, and robotics. It involves computing the motion of objects or pixels across frames in a video sequence. Traditional approaches often rely heavily on brightness constancy and spatial smoothness assumptions, which break down under dynamic lighting conditions. This makes accurate motion tracking challenging, especially in real-world environments where illumination varies significantly. Physics-based optical flow estimation addresses these limitations by incorporating physical models of light interaction and scene structure. These models go beyond the assumptions of conventional methods by integrating principles from photometry, reflectance theory, and material properties. By doing so, they allow algorithms to compensate for shadows, high...

  Managing the complexity of plasma physics in control systems engineering Managing the Complexity of Plasma Physics in Control Systems Engineering Plasma physics, with its nonlinear, multiscale, and highly dynamic nature, presents one of the most complex challenges in modern control systems engineering. In applications ranging from nuclear fusion and semiconductor manufacturing to aerospace propulsion and environmental technology, the ability to precisely control plasma behavior is both essential and immensely difficult. The core complexity arises from the interaction of charged particles within electromagnetic fields, leading to instabilities, turbulence, and rapid time-varying behaviors. Conventional linear control approaches often fall short when applied to plasma systems, necessitating advanced strategies such as adaptive control, model predictive control (MPC), robust nonlinear control, and artificial intelligence-based methods. Control systems for plasma applications must ma...

  Effect of single particle potential on total cross section of nuclear reaction The effect of single particle potential on the total cross section of nuclear reactions is vital in modern nuclear physics, especially when predicting and modeling reaction outcomes in both experimental and theoretical studies. Single particle potentials—often derived from mean field or optical models—provide a fundamental framework to describe the interaction between an incident nucleon and the target nucleus. These potentials influence how the incoming particle scatters, absorbs, or transmits through the nuclear medium, directly impacting the calculated or observed total cross section . In nuclear theory, the total cross section is a critical observable that encapsulates the probability of all possible interactions between the projectile and the nucleus. It includes contributions from elastic, inelastic, and absorption processes. When the single particle potential is accurately modeled, especially ...

  Spiral waves and localized modes in dispersive wave equations Spiral Waves and Localized Modes in Dispersive Wave Equations are central topics in nonlinear dynamics, mathematical physics, and pattern formation. These phenomena are observed in a broad range of physical, chemical, and biological systems, including excitable media, optical fibers, plasma systems, reaction-diffusion models, and fluid dynamics. Dispersive wave equations, such as the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the Ginzburg–Landau equation, and the Korteweg–de Vries equation, often support complex spatiotemporal structures due to a balance between nonlinearity and dispersion. Spiral waves are rotating wave patterns that commonly emerge in two-dimensional excitable systems. They are especially significant in cardiac electrophysiology, where spiral wave dynamics are linked to arrhythmias and fibrillation. In chemical systems like the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, spiral waves manifest visually and serve as a model...

 Proton imaging at the end of the proton range Proton imaging, particularly at the end of the proton range, is a rapidly advancing technique in medical physics, radiotherapy, and particle diagnostics. It plays a crucial role in verifying the exact location where protons deposit their maximum energy — the Bragg peak — thus enabling precise dose delivery in proton therapy. Accurate end-of-range proton imaging is vital to enhancing treatment efficacy, reducing radiation exposure to healthy tissue, and improving patient outcomes. This imaging modality is fundamentally different from conventional X-ray or CT imaging. Since protons interact differently with tissues, dedicated technologies such as proton radiography, proton computed tomography (pCT), and time-resolved imaging systems are being developed and refined. The field also benefits from innovations in detector design, Monte Carlo simulations, and artificial intelligence-driven image reconstruction. To increase awareness, collabora...

                     Most Cited Article Award Most Cited Article Award: Celebrating Research Impact and Excellence The Most Cited Article Award is a prestigious recognition granted to scholarly articles that have garnered the highest number of citations within a given period. This award highlights the influence and relevance of a research paper in its academic community and beyond. Citations serve as an important metric in academia, demonstrating how often other researchers reference a particular work. A high citation count generally reflects that the research has contributed significantly to advancing knowledge in its field. Receiving a Most Cited Article Award is more than just an honor; it is a testament to the quality, originality, and lasting impact of the research. It can enhance the visibility of the authors and their institutions, fostering further collaboration and funding opportunities. Moreover, it motivates researchers ...