Global Particle Physics Excellence Awards

Introduction The safe management and disposal of liquid radioactive waste remain critical challenges for nuclear facilities worldwide. Ion exchange resins are widely applied to treat such wastes, yet their disposal requires reliable immobilization strategies to prevent environmental contamination. Magnesium silicate hydrate cement (MSHC) has recently gained attention as an alternative solidification matrix due to its superior bonding characteristics, lower alkalinity, and enhanced compatibility with organic materials. The present study explores the feasibility of using MSHC to immobilize radioactive waste resins containing Cs⁺, Sr²⁺, and mixed Cs⁺/Sr²⁺ ions, focusing on hydration behavior, mechanical performance, durability, and leaching mechanisms . Hydration Behavior of MSHC with Radioactive Resins The incorporation of ion exchange waste resins into the MSHC matrix was found to influence the hydration reaction kinetics. Analytical techniques such as hydration heat measurement, ...

Introduction Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide, driven by the limitations of current therapeutic strategies that often fail to achieve selectivity and produce significant side effects. Emerging nanotechnological approaches offer promising alternatives, particularly the use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as multifunctional drug delivery platforms. These nanostructures exhibit high surface area, tunable porosity, and versatile surface chemistry, making them ideal candidates for incorporating therapeutic and targeting agents. The present study focuses on the rational design of MSN-based nanoplatforms engineered to improve treatment efficacy, reduce systemic toxicity, and enable precise targeting of tumor cells. Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles The development of MSN-based therapeutic systems relies heavily on efficient functionalization strategies that enhance biological performance. In this work, MSNs were...

Introduction The Research Excellence Awards stand as a global symbol of honor for scientists, scholars, and innovators whose contributions shape the future of knowledge. By recognizing exceptional originality, societal relevance, and academic distinction, these awards highlight the profound influence of research on global progress. Organized in association with the Global Particle Physics Excellence Awards, the initiative supports high-impact discoveries, promotes ethical research standards , and inspires emerging researchers to pursue transformative scientific goals. Advancing Global Scientific Innovation A key objective of the awards is to encourage groundbreaking ideas that redefine scientific boundaries. Researchers contributing novel theories, pioneering technologies, or disruptive methodologies become role models for innovation-driven communities. This global platform amplifies their work, enabling broader visibility and fostering a culture where scientific creativity flouris...

Introduction Understanding the molecular forces that dictate peptide and protein folding remains a central challenge in structural biology and molecular chemistry . Among these forces, hydrogen bonding plays a pivotal role in shaping secondary structures such as β-turns, helices , and sheets . While classical backbone-to-backbone hydrogen bonds have been widely studied, increasing attention is being directed toward unconventional interactions such as NH···S hydrogen bonds . This study explores how these short-range interactions influence the conformational preferences of homo-chiral and hetero-chiral capped dimers of 3-aminothiolane-3-carboxylic acid , a unique cyclic thioether amino acid . Through a combination of gas-phase and solution-phase IR spectroscopy supported by quantum chemical modeling , the work provides new insight into the stabilizing power of sulfur-assisted hydrogen bonding and its effect on β-turn formation. Role of Unconventional NH···S Hydrogen Bonds in Pepti...

Introduction Magnetic confinement nuclear fusion continues to emerge as a transformative solution to global energy challenges, with DEMO representing a crucial step toward practical fusion-powered electricity generation. As the successor to ITER , DEMO requires highly accurate plasma diagnostics despite stringent spatial limitations that restrict the installation of internal sensors. This context motivates the exploration of fully external magnetic measurement strategies combined with advanced probabilistic inference techniques. The study integrates Bayesian inference with Gaussian process modeling to interpret external coil data, delivering robust qualitative estimates of plasma current density profiles and key geometric parameters essential for reactor safety and performance. Bayesian Inference for Magnetic Diagnostic Integration The application of Bayesian inference provides a rigorous probabilistic framework for synthesizing heterogeneous magnetic diagnostic signals. By in...

Introduction The rapid expansion of stress research has been propelled by the availability of open access physiological datasets and advances in computational modeling . This review synthesizes a decade of progress by integrating dataset taxonomy, methodological trends, and experimental considerations into a unified perspective on stress analysis. It highlights the importance of multimodal signals such as EEG , ECG , EDA , respiration , and behavioral indicators like audiovisual cues , motion , and eye-tracking in the development of robust stress recognition systems. The field increasingly embraces deep learning , self-supervised strategies , multimodal fusion , and explainable AI , emphasizing the need for transparency and adaptability in predictive modeling. However, inconsistent experimental designs, demographic limitations, and challenges in data labeling and synchronization still restrict generalizability. This context sets the foundation for understanding current achievements...

Introduction Understanding corrosion mechanisms at the microscale is crucial for improving the durability and performance of copper-based materials , especially in aggressive environments such as marine systems. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) operated in generation–collection mode provides an advanced platform for in situ analysis of electrochemical reactions. However, the challenge arises when metals like copper do not undergo soluble redox conversion and instead deposit onto the microelectrode tip. This behavior not only alters the electrochemical response but also complicates the interpretation of dissolution processes. The following topics explore the electrochemical principles, methodological considerations, and analytical parameters essential for accurate quantification of Cu²⁺ ions using micro-sized gold electrodes under varying environmental conditions. Challenges in SECM Detection of Non-Soluble Metal Ion Redox Processes A fundamental challenge in SECM ima...