Global Particle Physics Excellence Awards

Introduction durable adhesion to zirconia has long been a challenge in restorative dentistry because of zirconia’s chemically inert and non-etchable surface. conventional surface treatments such as polishing and alumina sandblasting rely mainly on limited micromechanical retention and may lead to variability in bonding performance. additive manufacturing (am) introduces a new paradigm by enabling precise control over surface morphology at the design stage itself. by tailoring surface topographies during fabrication, am offers the potential to enhance resin cement interlocking without the need for aggressive post-processing, opening new research directions for reliable zirconia bonding. Additive manufacturing of zirconia surfaces slurry-based 3d printing allows the fabrication of zirconia with customized surface architectures that are difficult or impossible to achieve using subtractive cad/cam methods. in this study, three am-derived surface designs—concave–convex hemispherical ...

Introduction The esterification of α-aromatic amino acids remains a significant challenge due to zwitterionic dissociation , strong intermolecular interactions, and severe steric hindrance . Conventional homogeneous acid catalysts often suffer from corrosion, separation difficulties, and limited efficiency, motivating the development of advanced heterogeneous catalytic systems. In this context, solid superacid catalysts supported on zeolitic frameworks have emerged as promising alternatives, offering strong acidity, structural stability, and reusability. This study focuses on designing an efficient solid superacid catalyst to overcome kinetic and thermodynamic barriers in the synthesis of highly hindered α-amino acid esters. Catalyst Design and Preparation To address these challenges, the solid superacid catalyst SO₄²⁻/TiO₂/HZSM-5 (STH) and its plasma-modified derivative SO₄²⁻/TiO₂/HZSM-5 (STH-RF) were synthesized using an aging–impregnation strategy. The combination of TiO₂ and HZS...

Introduction The stabilization of topological spin textures such as skyrmions in magnetic systems has become a central topic in contemporary condensed matter physics due to their fundamental interest and technological potential. In particular, centrosymmetric magnets challenge the conventional understanding of skyrmion formation, as they lack the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction traditionally considered essential. This research investigates how single-ion anisotropy and crystal-symmetry-driven magnetic anisotropy under D3d symmetry can cooperatively stabilize higher-order skyrmion crystal phases , offering new microscopic insights into topological magnetism beyond non-centrosymmetric systems. Role of Single-Ion Anisotropy in Centrosymmetric Magnets Single-ion anisotropy, arising from the local two-dimensional crystal environment, plays a decisive role in shaping the spin configuration landscape. By energetically favoring specific spin orientations, it provides an intrinsic m...

Introduction This research explores drift-assisted positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) applied to a p-type (100) silicon substrate within a metal–oxide–silicon (MOS) capacitor . By employing an externally applied electric field, the study demonstrates precise control over the spatial distribution of positrons prior to annihilation. This approach enables deeper insight into interface-sensitive defect characterization, particularly at the technologically critical SiO₂/Si interface , which plays a central role in modern semiconductor device reliability and performance. Electric-Field-Controlled Positron Drift in MOS Structures The operation of the MOS capacitor under accumulation, depletion, and inversion regimes reveals that internal electric fields significantly influence positron drift transport . Depending on the bias condition, the electric field can either drive positrons toward the SiO₂/Si interface or repel them into the silicon bulk. This behavior effectively al...

Introduction The corrosion resistance of ultra high strength steels is a critical issue for their reliable application in marine, aerospace, and defense environments. Among them, 18%Ni high strength steel is widely used due to its excellent mechanical performance, yet it remains vulnerable to chloride induced corrosion . Chloride ions are known to destabilize passive films , promote localized corrosion, and reduce long term durability. Understanding how different chloride concentrations influence corrosion behavior and passive film characteristics is therefore essential. This research focuses on the systematic investigation of corrosion mechanisms and passive film evolution of 18%Ni high strength steel in NaCl solutions with varying chloride ion concentrations, providing insight into degradation processes under aggressive environments. Experimental Design and Corrosion Evaluation The corrosion behavior of the steel was comprehensively evaluated through standardized chemical imm...

Introduction DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator) wind turbine stability is a critical research area in modern renewable energy systems , directly influencing grid reliability, power quality , and sustainable energy integration . As wind energy penetration increases worldwide, understanding the dynamic behavior of DFIG-based systems under normal and disturbed operating conditions has become essential. Research in this domain combines power system engineering , control theory , and computational modeling to ensure stable, efficient, and resilient wind power generation within complex electrical grids. Dynamic and Small-Signal Stability Analysis Dynamic and small-signal stability studies form the backbone of DFIG wind turbine research. These analyses investigate system responses to minor disturbances such as load variations , wind speed fluctuations , and grid parameter changes . Researchers use mathematical modeling and eigenvalue analysis to evaluate oscillatory modes and damping ...

Introduction Excellence in Research represents the pinnacle of innovation , discovery, and global academic impact . It reflects a sustained commitment to advancing knowledge through rigorous inquiry, originality, and scientific integrity . The Global Particle Physics Excellence Awards are dedicated to honoring researchers whose scholarly contributions expand the frontiers of particle physics and related sciences , while also influencing broader technological and societal progress. This initiative underscores the vital role of high-quality research in shaping the future of science and humanity. Advancing Fundamental Scientific Knowledge At the core of research excellence lies the pursuit of fundamental understanding. Award-recognized researchers contribute to uncovering the basic principles governing matter, energy, and the universe. Through theoretical insights, experimental breakthroughs, and data-driven discoveries, their work deepens scientific knowledge and lays the foundation...

  Introduction High-voltage equipment requires polymeric insulating materials that can withstand extreme electrical, thermal, and environmental stresses. Traditional polymers often face limitations under high electric fields, manifesting as electrical treeing , partial discharges , and thermo-oxidative aging. These challenges necessitate a comprehensive understanding of the material properties and the development of advanced strategies to improve dielectric strength , space charge suppression , and interfacial reliability. Recent research emphasizes the need for multi-scale material design and targeted modifications to meet the stringent requirements of modern high-voltage applications, laying the foundation for innovations in polymer insulation technology. Nanofiller Reinforcement for High-Voltage Polymers Incorporating nanofillers into polymer matrices has emerged as a prominent approach to enhance the electrical and thermal performance of insulating materials. Nanoparticles, s...

Introduction Research on building extraction from airborne point clouds has been widely explored; however, rural environments present unique challenges due to the close interweaving of buildings and vegetation with similar height characteristics. These complexities often reduce the effectiveness of conventional urban-oriented methods. This research focuses on a representative rural region in China to address these limitations, proposing an adaptive and robust building classification framework tailored to complex rural landscapes. The study emphasizes improving accuracy, reducing redundancy, and enhancing practical applicability for real-world rural building data extraction. Terrain-Adaptive Ground Point Extraction The proposed methodology begins with terrain recognition through dynamic multi-level grid size determination based on slope analysis . By accurately distinguishing terrain types, differentiated filtering parameters are applied to each terrain category. This adaptive strat...